Generation of steam and the heating of liquids.



WM I P. ST. G. KIRKE.

GENERATION 0F STEAM AND THE HEATING 0F LIQUIDS APPLICATION FILED N0v.20. 191s.

Patented Sept. 24, 1918.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFIoE.

PERCY ST. Gr. KIRQKE, OF WESTMINSTER, LONDON, ENGLAND.

GENERATION 0F STEAM AND THE 'HEATINTG 0F LIQUIDS.

Application filed. November 20,1916 7 Serial- No. 132,448.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PERCY ST. GEORGE KLRKE, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, and resident in the city of Westminster, London, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in or in Connection with the Generation of Steam andthe Heating of Liquids Generally, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has relation to the packing of tubes of apparatus employed in or in connection with the generation of steam and the heating of liquids generally and has reference to the packing of tubes of such apparatus by means. of incombustible packing.

One of the objects of this invention is to provide a packing for the tubes of apparatus employed in or in connection with the generation of steam and. theheating of liquids generally with surfaces which will remain. in: candescent so as to accelerate combustion taking place on them or in their neighborhood, and yet which, b virtue of their position relative to the tu e surfaces, will not get so abnormally hot as to destroy the packing; and which at the same time, can be put into tubes by any unskilled person without error and in a short space of time.

Another object of the invention is to enable packing to be kept in position without fear of moving; and a further object of the invention is to provide a packing which is capable of being easily adjusted to suit tubes, the bore of which may be slightly varying owing to errors in manufacture.

In order that this invention may be clearly understood and carried into practical effect, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, which are more or less diagrammatic.

Figure 1 shows one form of packing in accordance with this invention;

Figs. 2 and 3 are, respectively, a side view and an end view of a modified form of pack- 1n Figs. 4 and 5 are similar views to Figs. 2 and 3, but of a further modification; and

Fig. 6 is an end view of a still further modification.

The packing member illustrated in Fi 1 may be regarded as composed of a num er of portions 1. Each portion 1 approximates to the form of a parallelopiped and the armajor axes of successive portions are not in Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept. 24, 1918. V

the same longitudinal plane, but are inclined one to the other. When the packing member is placed in a tube it will form'sinuous or screw-like passages therein so. that the hot gases and productsof combustionare caused to advance with a helical or screw-like motion. The faces 2 of each .portion 1 are at right angles to the. direction of flow of, the

hot gases; and products of combustion.

I11 the arrangement shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the integral portions 1 of the packing member are in the form of truncated cones so disposed that their bases 3 all face in one direction and are in a plane at right angles to the direction of flow of the hot, gases and products of combustionwhen the packing member is. placed therein.

Figs. 4 and 5 show a packing member which the integral portions 1 are paralleloplpeds, in which one dimension is greater than the others. The portions 1 are disposed so that the major axes of alternate portions are inclined to the major aXes of adjacent portions. In the drawings, the angle between adjacent major axes is a right angle. Fig. 6 shows a modification of this arrangement in which the integral portions are elliptical in shape in a plane taken transversely of the packing member.

In Fig. 1 the packing member as a whole is shown provided with a tongue 4 inclined to the face 1 at one end and a groove or recess 5 at the other end. By this means a number of packing members may be held in position within a tube, the tongue 4 at the end of one packing member being inserted into the groove or recess 5 of the adjacent composite packing member. The same or similar means may be provided in any of the modified forms of packing members shown in Figs. 2, 4 and 6. The packin member shown in Fig. 1 is also provided with two chipping or packing strips 7 extending above the surfaces of the portions 1 adjacent the tube walls. These strips may be filed down, chipped or otherwise reduced or removed when fitting the packing memher or packing members in position in a tube. In Figs. 2 and 3, studs 8 to serve a similar purpose, are shown.

A suitable material for the present invention is fireclay molded and baked. Other sufficiently refractory material may, however, be used.

WVhat I claim is 1. A means for improving the thermal efficiency of boilers, comprising boiler tubes and a plurality of planar refractory bafiiing means in said boiler tubes in sinuous correlationship.

2. A means for improving the thermal efficiency of boilers, comprising boiler tubes and a series of stepped interlocking baffles arranged to provide a helical path for the flue gases through 'a boiler tube.

3. As a new article of manufacture an interlocking refractory block member having male and female parts for said interlock, said block member having baffling faces in a plane substantially at right angles to the axis of the interlock.

4. As a new article of manufacture a refractory block member adapted to be interlocked with similar block members in a given direction, male and female parts on said block member to constitute said interlock, and baffiing faces in a plane substantially at right angles to the given direction forming a stepped helical surface.

5. A new article of manufacture comprising a series of refractory blocks and means for holding said blocks together to form a series of stepped baffling faces sinuously arranged.

6. As a new article of manufacture, a refractory block member adapted to be interlocked with other block members in a given direction, male and female parts on said block member to constitute said interlock, and baffling faces in a plane substantially at right angles to the given direction forming a stepped sinuous surface.

7 A new article of manufacture comprising a series of refractory blocks and means for holding said blocks together to form a series of baffling faces at right angles to the axis of the block.

8. A heat accumulator comprising a series of refractory blocks, means for holding said blocks together to form a series of stepped bafiiing faces and further means for holding said series of blocks together in their as sembled relationship. 7

'9. A new article of manufacture comprising a refractory block member having stepped bafiiing faces sinuously arranged.

Dated this 13th day of October, 1916.

PERCY ST. G. KIRKE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner 0! Patents,

' Washington, D. G. 

